Venture capital (VC) is one of the most influential forces in modern finance. It fuels startups, funds innovation, and backs the technologies that reshape society — from smartphones and cloud computing to biotech, fintech, and artificial intelligence. Despite its importance, venture capital remains misunderstood by most investors. This article provides a
Public funds (like mutual funds and ETFs) and private funds (like private equity, hedge funds, venture capital, and private credit) operate under entirely different regulatory regimes. These rules shape everything from what they can invest in, how they disclose performance, the fees they charge, and the level of risk investors
Most investors use the Sharpe Ratio to evaluate risk-adjusted performance. But the Sharpe Ratio has a flaw: it treats all volatility the same, whether it’s upside volatility (good) or downside volatility (bad). The Sortino Ratio fixes this problem. Instead of penalizing investments for positive swings, it focuses only on
Real estate is not a passive asset. Unlike stocks or bonds, properties require active management — operational decisions, tenant relationships, ongoing maintenance, and strategic improvements — to protect and grow value. This operational layer is what separates great real estate investors from mediocre ones. A strong operator can turn a weak asset
Venture capital (VC) is one of the most cyclical asset classes in the investment world. It moves through waves of exuberance and contraction, shaped by economic conditions, technological breakthroughs, liquidity cycles, and global risk appetite. Understanding these cycles helps investors — and founders — anticipate where capital is flowing, when to deploy,
When investors think about due diligence, they often think of reviewing financial statements or running discounted cash flow models. But true due diligence goes far deeper. Whether evaluating a real estate property, a private business, a piece of art, a loan, or any alternative investment, the process must uncover what
Traditional portfolios, like the 60/40 mix of stocks and bonds, allocate capital, not risk. This creates an imbalance: the equity portion drives most of the volatility, while bonds contribute relatively little. Risk Parity — the philosophy behind Bridgewater Associates’ famous All Weather Portfolio — takes the opposite approach. It allocates assets
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is one of the most widely used performance metrics in private equity, real estate, venture capital, private credit, and other alternative investments. It is also one of the most misunderstood. IRR can make a mediocre investment look great — or make a great investment look mediocre
Real estate is one of the most interest-rate-sensitive asset classes in the world. When rates rise or fall, the effects ripple through home prices, rental demand, construction activity, lending behavior, and investor appetite. Understanding how interest rates influence mortgages and housing demand is essential for anyone analyzing residential real estate
Accredited investor rules determine who can access certain types of investments — especially private equity, venture capital, hedge funds, private credit, real estate syndications, and other alternative assets. These rules exist globally, but each country defines “accredited” (or its equivalent) differently. This article breaks down: * what accredited investor status means, * why
Venture capital (VC) is one of the most powerful engines of innovation in the modern economy. It funds early-stage companies, accelerates technological breakthroughs, and shapes entire industries—from software and biotech to fintech, AI, and clean energy. But the VC industry didn’t always look like it does today. It
Most investors are familiar with market-cap-weighted portfolios — the standard structure behind major indices like the S&P 500. But an alternative approach, the equal-weight portfolio, has grown increasingly popular among professionals seeking broader diversification, factor exposure, and reduced concentration risk. In an equal-weight portfolio, every asset receives the same